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Written by Healthwise Solutions
Wednesday, 07 June 2006
Vegetables in your dog's
diet, and minor amounts in your cat's diet, can enhance their health and
provide a rich and diverse supply of nutrients, enzymes, healthy fibre
and antioxidants. In the wild, dogs and cats would have acquired plant
foods through the semi-digested remnants in the stomachs of their prey;
vegetables, fruits, nuts and seeds.
Canines possess a greater ability to break down plant matter and synthesize
relevant nutrients therein. Because of this, although classified as carnivores,
they are in fact omnivorous and are not solely reliant on animal meat for
sustenance. Wolves can be observed eating fallen fruit and berries, and
first consume the stomach and intestines of their prey where plant foods
can be found.
Felines on the other hand are obligate carnivores and are unable to
manufacture essential nutrients from plant matter. These include the amino
acids taurine and arginine, and the fatty acid arachidonic acid. Unlike
omnivores cats also cannot convert vitamin A from beta-carotene in plants
and need animal-derived sources of vitamin A such as liver. Accept for
smaller prey which cats eat whole, in the wild the stomach and intestines
tend to be avoided, yet organs such as heart, liver and lungs are enjoyed.
Cats require a lot more protein in their diet than dogs and are in
no way adapted to digesting carbohydrates. In the wild vegetable matter
in their diet is minimal and in a semi-digested state in the guts of their
prey. Cats can rely pretty much entirely on protein and fat for energy
conversion, both being converted into glucose by the liver, and other
essential nutrients can be gained through meat, soft tissue and bones.
Thankfully pet owners are beginning to move away from toxic, poor
grade and species-inappropriate commercial pet food. Natural, holistic,
homemade and raw diets are being favored, which can include healthy plant-based
ingredients (not grains however, which are used as cheap fillers in commercial
products and ill-suited the physiology of cats and dogs). The beauty with
homemade meals is that you can ensure fresh quality ingredients and easily
incorporate vegetables and fruit.
Where dogs can eat around 30% plant foods in their daily diet, cats
only require around 5-10%. With both, ensure veggies are blended well
as they do not easily digest cellulose. This also makes it easy to mix
the vegetables with the rest of the homemade meal. As cats only require
a very small proportion of veggies in their meal, you can blend veggies
and freeze the mix in an ice-cube tray, defrosting one cube a day for their
meals.
Include a range of vegetables and always aim to include something
green. Green vegetables contain chlorophyll which is cleansing and detoxifying.
Chlorophyll is a great liver ally, assisting in the removal of toxins and
heavy metals from the body and also shows anti-carcinogenic potential. Human
studies in China have found that chlorophyll may help delay the onset of
symptoms of liver cancer caused by mycotoxic grains as are sometimes found
in commercial pet foods.
You can use throw away vegetable parts such as outer leaves, ends
and stems or left over cooked vegetables that you don't consume. Raw is
always preferable however as nutrient and enzyme content is maximum.
You can supplement your dog or cat's diet with superfoods such as
kelp or alfalfa (the latter more suited for dogs) and algae such as chlorella
and spirulina. These are very alkalizing however and as dogs and cats in
particular require an acidic diet, only very small amounts are advisable.
Always research dosage amounts before giving any kind of supplements.
Vegetable Choices
You can experiment with most vegetables. Try any of the following:
carrots, celery, chard, spinach, avocados, kale, squash, watercress, cabbage,
turnips, broccoli, peas, green beans, cauliflower and asparagus.
Some below-ground vegetables such as carrots and sweet potatoes are
included here. These are higher in sugar content however and as such should
be used in smaller proportion to any above-ground vegetable choices. You
can add some occasional fruit also such as blueberries, bananas, apples,
papaya or pear.
As a note, raw onions are not friendly on your pet's digestive system
and can be dangerous to their health so should be avoided. Garlic is also
a health risk for cats, though minor amounts occasionally in your dog's
diet may serve as a natural flea repellent, be sparing however as the sulphides
in garlic can be detrimental to the blood cells of animals. I also avoid
tomatoes, peppers, cucumber and potato.
Nuts and seeds can also be a valuable addition to your pet's diet,
containing healthy oils (walnuts and flaxseeds are particularly high in
omega-3 oils), as well as vitamin E and minerals such as selenium (a powerful
antioxidant particularly high in Brazil nuts).
You can grind your nuts and seeds before adding to your pet's meal.
Only small amounts are needed; for larger dogs aim for one nut or a few
seeds a day, smaller dogs and cats every few days.
If you would like to change your pet's diet to a healthy, holistic,
species-appropriate diet or are embarking on a natural homemade or raw
food diet research the area first as nutritional balance is essential.
Written by Rebecca Prescott
Tuesday, 09 May 2006
There is much to recommend
feeding your dog homemade dog food if you have the time to prepare it,
and make sure you have recipes that give the correct ratio of nutrients,
as well as the vitamins and supplements you'll need to add. These can be
mixed up in a bag, stored, and sprinkled in every meal.
Dogs should have a minimum of 18% protein for maintenance when they
are adults, and 22% for reproduction and growth. Fat should be a minimum
of 5% for adult dogs, and 8% for reproduction and growth. But the more fat
that is in the diet, the more protein there should be. Fat makes dogs, as
well as people, eat less by making them feel fuller. If they eat less, and
there are less of other essential nutrients like protein and vitamins and
minerals, the dog will not get the nourishment it needs.
Generally, commercial pet food is made according to the appropriate
guidelines, but care should be taken if significant amounts of other food
is added to the diet, and it is high in fat.
But whether you're feeding your dog commercial dog food, or home made
dog food, there are a few things to keep in mind so you don't end up with
a fussy dog:
* dogs should be fed once a day once they are no longer puppies, or
two small meals, no more. Feeding your dog too frequently when he is older
can turn him appear like a fussy eater, when he is actually full.
* feeding your dog too regularly can get him into the routine of expecting
to eat at those times, too, and may lead to weight gain. Letting him get
hungry, and feeding sensibly, will not harm him. In the wild, dogs would
eat for once a day until they were completely full.
* Don't stand and stare at your dog waiting for him to eat. He will
likely think something is wrong, or something else is coming, and won't
eat.
* Don't give into your dog and give him something else straight away
if he refuses his meal, as he's effectively training you and not the other
way around!
* There's nothing wrong with feeding your dog a varied diet, but don't
keep changing the food because he seems fussy and won't eat it. Make sure
nothing is wrong with him physically first, then if he is healthy, take
charge of the situation. Put his food down, leave him to it, and then 30
minutes later go and check to see whether it's been eaten. If it hasn't,
take it away, then at the end of the day put down some fresh food. Repeat
the process, and take it away 30 minutes later if it still isn't eaten.
This way you'll train your dog to eat his food, and not reinforce his behaviour.
Brian Kilcommons has a very interesting method for teaching dogs to
eat their food. When the above fails, he prepared the dog food in front
of the dog, making lots of 'yummy' noises whilst he did it. He made it slowly,
and when the dog still wasn't interested, he put it down in front of his
face, then took it straight away and threw it out. He did this first at
breakfast, then at dinner. At dinner, the dog in question was more interested,
but he still threw it out after putting it in front of him. The next morning,
the dog was jumping up and down whilst the food was being prepared. He put
it down, pulled it away, then looked at him for about a minute, then left
it for him to eat. That dog now eats anything put down for him.
* If your dog suddenly goes off his food, it could be because he has
dental problems, or a stomach problem. Get him checked out by the vet.
* Some dogs do actually prefer a certain type of food, just as people
do. Try your dog with a variety of foods, and if he only eats one type,
and will starve himself if he doesn't get it, the best solution can simply
be to feed him that type of food.
* Don't feed your dog a high fat diet, or junk food, including chocolate.
It's not good for them.
References: Brian Kilcommons, Good Owners, Great Dogs
Article Source: http://www.ArticleBlast.com
About The Author:
For more information on feeding your dog a natural dog food diet, see
this article: http://www.thedogsbone.com/articles/36/1/Guide-To-Feeding-Your-Dog-A-Natural-Dog-Food-Diet
For information on commercial v's non commercial dog food that might shock
you, see this article: http://www.thedogsbone.com/articles/35/1/Commercial-Versus-Non-Commercial-Dog-Foods
Rebecca Prescott runs the website, http://www.thedogsbone.com/
FEEDING RAW FOOD TO PETS
- A GOOD OR BAD IDEA ?
First broadcast on www.provet.co.uk
This information is provided by Provet for educational
purposes only.
You should seek the advice of your veterinarian if your pet is ill as
only he or she can correctly advise on the diagnosis and recommend the
treatment that is most appropriate for your pet.
Some owners feed raw foods
to pets - but is it a good idea ?
The short answer to this question is - it depends upon the food and
how it has been stored. For some pets, such as lizards and snakes raw dead
food (eg mice) or even living food (eg crickets) is commonly fed. Dogs
and cats on the other hand are usually fed commercially cooked foods unless
they are being fed a homemade ration.
The most
important point about a ration for a pet is that it must meet all the animals
nutritional requirements for :
Energy
Protein
Fats
Carbohydrates
Minerals
Vitamins
In addition, the food must be :
Palatable to the animal - so it eats it !
Safe - eg does not contain any toxins, and is not contaminated with
micro-organisms
Affordable to the owner
In previous Petfacts broadcasts we have discussed many aspects of nutrition
for pets (try searching - CLICK on the blue Information Search button).
In addition, we have covered the difficulty of compiling a suitable
home-made ration CLICK HERE for more
information. Also the risks associated with feeding an exclusively raw fish
ration CLICK HERE.
Some of the key issues about feeding raw foods are :
Cooking helps to destroy undesirable micro-organisms which may be present.
So uncooked food carries a higher risk of disease transmission. Well known
examples are :
Raw chicken - may contain salmonella
Raw eggs - may contain salmonella
Feeding raw meat to dogs increases the number of clostridia (potentially
pathogenic bacteria) in the microflora of their intestine
Raw meat increases exposure to potentially pathogenic bacteria such
as E.coli and Campylobacter , and deaths have
been reported in dogs due to Salmonella contracted by feeding a BARF diet.
Cooking helps to breakdown the raw ingredients that make up the food
which can be beneficial in increasing availability of nutrients, so raw
foods (particularly cereals) may be less digestible and have a lower nutritional
value than cooked foods.
Raw foods must be stored safely to prevent contamination between the
time they are produced and the time they are eaten. If they are frozen to
delay decomposition they should be defrosted fully before they are used.
There are issues relating to bacterial contamination of meats and defrosting
. Basically such foods (eg frozen chicken) should be well cooked after defrosting.
Raw foods should be washed thoroughly before feeding to remove any surface
contaminants eg bacteria (meats), crop treatments (cereals)
Giving large raw bones to dogs is probably ok from the health point
of view - providing they are fresh and they are not left in the environment
too long. All meat products provide an ideal medium for bacteria to grow
and the longer they are available the more likely they are to become contaminated
and present a health risk. Also flies are often attracted to decaying meat
products and these too can help to transmit infections. Raw bones should
probably be removed within 12-24 hours. In a recent Petfacts broadcast Provet
drew attention to the danger of feeding dried meat products (sold as dog
chews) following human deaths in Canada and the issuing of a public health
warning in the USA -
CLICK HERE for more information.
Feeding an exclusively raw ration (particularly an all meat ration)
is likely to be imbalanced (eg deficient in calcium) and can lead to serious
disease - this too has been covered in a previous Petfacts broadcast CLICK HERE
In conclusion, Provet would
advise owners to only consider feeding raw foods if they are human quality
products - because if sold for human consumption they have to have been
prepared and stored under hygienic conditions . Owners should not attempt
to feed a complete ration consisting exclusively of raw or homemade ingredients
without expert advice from a veterinary nutritionist about the adequacy
of the ration for the animal.
Copyright
(c) 1999 - 2007 Provet. All rights reserved. Email: info@provet.co.uk
reprinted with kind permission
from Mike Davies
***************************
HOLISTIC FEEDING
Ted Kewley
Having suffered the heartache
of seeing my puppy suffer the pain of Osteochondritis Dissecans (OCD) at
the age of only 9 months some years ago I decided to find out why this happened
when I knew he had no history of it in the family.
He was fed on a well-known puppy formula from weaning and I at that time
carried it on through the recommended feeding stages of puppy hood, Taking
great care not to over do his training and exercise although he would take
as much as you gave him the exercise was controlled. No running until he
was at least 1 year old. This to build up his bones and muscles.
It was therefore a great disbelieve to see him limping for no apparent
reason from his front left elbow.
Having him x-rayed should very clearly how the joint had grown away from
the cartilage leaving a poor shape for the bone to fit in snugly. It only
occurred on one leg only.
My vet whom I totally trust now after many a heated debate informed me
at the time that a probable cause may be the “ Diet “. Now after 5 years
of feeding " HOLIST IC MEALS “ with no problems had with my other GSD babies,
I feed raw meat and fresh vegetables even to the puppies, and my youngest
is now 2 years old and thriving on holistic feed. Raw meat comprising of
chicken wings pig’s tails and trotters. Ox heart and lamb heart. As a treat
I make my own liver cake, a great training aid. I also bulk buy from a meat
company various quality mince of different animals.
The health to my GSD’s since being converted to holistic feeding is fantastic.
They are happy, have a shining coat great teeth white and clean and most
of the entire vets bill is always very low, and we are still good friends
despite not seeing each other now so often.
There are 2 books I would recommend on the subject in my opinion which
cover natural feeding
A, Give your
dog a bone B, Grow your pups with bones.
Both by Dr Ian Billinghurst
B.V.Sc. (Hons).
These books are very forward and to you who want to change from the commercial
food chain will wonder why you have not tried the very old tested way of
feeding with a little help of modern vitamins. A lot of the ailments that
affect your dogs can be prevented using HOLISTIC FEEDING.