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ARTHRITIS IN DOGS AND CATS

January 2007

Jeff Bowra DVM, CCRP
www.thespaw.ca

Degenerative joint disease (arthritis) is the number one cause of chronic pain in the dog and cat. Arthritis is common in people as nearly 50% of the people over 65 years of age are affected. Our pets, especially older dogs, are also commonly affected with arthritis as they are living longer than ever before. The condition itself is the result of long term stresses and instability of a joint either as a result of an old injury or of natural aging of the joint. Arthritis can occur in any joint but the most common places are the hips, knees, shoulders, elbows and back. While surgery may be able to help in some situations, most of the time the degeneration of the joint cannot be reversed and treatment focuses on preventing progression of damage.

Many people with older dogs believe they are getting stiff or slow just because of normal old age aches and pains. Many of these animals are actually suffering from arthritis and are not being treated. Symptoms of arthritis at first are slight stiffness in the morning, reluctance to walk, and difficulty rising. These symptoms should tell you that your dog or cat is having a problem and a veterinary visit is recommended.

The first part of the veterinary visit is a complete physical examination. This is to not only locate the areas of pain, but to check all other organ systems such as heart lungs and teeth. Then if areas of pain are located x-rays should be taken to find the cause of the pain. There are many causes of pain in older animals. Once the diagnosis of arthritis is made then a complete blood screening should be done to assess health of kidneys and liver. Some medications used for pain control should not be used if an animal has kidney or liver problems.

Once I have a diagnosis of arthritis and blood work to show me if there are any other problems I develop a treatment plan starting with the least invasive treatment and working up to pain killers or even surgery if nothing else works.

Arthritis Treatment
The treatment options are laid out in order of recommendation.

Weight Loss
The first consideration is weight. At least 50% of the arthritic dogs that I see in my practice might not need any arthritis pain medication if they would just lose the extra weight. This should be done with a veterinary prescription diet as the over the counter foods are often not low enough in calories for weight loss to occur and the diet will often not be effective. In the perfect world, arthritic pets would be a little on the thin side. We have a computerized weight loss program called “Slim Fit” which creates a customized diet program for your cat or dog.

Arthritis Diets
There are special prescription diets that have been developed to manage arthritis. They contain high levels of Vitamins C&E and essential fatty acids along with nutraceuticals at therapeutic levels that have been proven to be beneficial. This can be fed if your dog is a fussy eater or if you do not want to have to give other supplements. They are also calorie reduced. Pet store diets with glucosamine usually have very small amounts and are not therapeutic.

Nutritional Supplements

Glucosamine and MSM
Glucosamines are cartilage components and by taking these orally, the patient is able to have plenty of the necessary building blocks needed to repair damaged cartilage. It is also felt that these products may have some anti-inflammatory properties separate from their structural uses. MSM stands for methyl sulfonyl methane and represents another nutraceuticals anti-inflammatory agent. These supplements have no side effects but because they are classified as a food there is no quality control of the different products. Be wary of low priced supplements, they may have very little active ingredient in them. We have several brands that we recommend.

Omega 3 Fatty Acids
Certain fats have been found to have anti-inflammatory properties. While this finding has primarily been utilized in the treatment of itchy skin, many arthritic dogs and cats have also benefited from supplementation. While there are no toxic issues to be concerned with, these products require at least one month to build up to adequate amounts. EPA is the most important Omega 3 fatty acid and most often comes from fish oil. Much higher doses are needed for arthritis than is often indicated on the bottle. Because it is a fat the calories have to be taken into consideration in the overall diet!

Cartrophen Injections
Cartrophen VetR (pentosan polysulphate) can mimic the cartilage-nurturing effect of glucosamine. This product provides pain relief because it helps repair cartilage damage, it boosts the synthesis of hyaluronic acid (the main component of joint fluid), and it inhibits the enzymes which contribute to inflammation. There are no significant side effects from Cartrophen. Injections are given once weekly for 4 weeks then every 6-8 weeks for life if necessary.

For more information: www.arthritis.au.com/DMOAD.2006.FINAL.pdf

The arthritis diets, nutritional supplements and Cartrophen injections all take 6-8 weeks to see maximum benefits!

Physical Rehabilitation

Exercise
Exercise helps to maintain range of motion of the joints, which stimulates joint fluid production which maintains healthy cartilage and joints. It helps to lose weight and strengthen the muscles. Short walks that do not leave the pet unduly sore the next day should be part of the daily exercise routine. Climbing hills and stairs and doing sit to stand exercises help to strengthen the back and hips.

Exercise should avoid sudden spurts of speed and should be done at a steady pace.

1. If your pet is sore after exercise, do not exercise until the pain seems to be resolved. Re-start the exercise at 50% of the duration. Fifteen minutes of ice packing can be applied to an acutely painful joint.

2. If one wants to try increasing the exercise, try a 20% increase in exercise time.

What is Passive Range of Motion Exercise?
One of the techniques that can be used to assist flexibility is passive flexion/extension exercise, also called "passive range of motion." Here the patient lies on his or her side with the side to be exercised up. Starting with the foot, the joints are flexed and extended through their natural range of motion moving up the leg all the way to the shoulder/hip. If the exercise causes discomfort (for example, dogs with bad hips are quite painful when the rear leg is extended backward), do not continue to a painful point. Ideally 15 to 20 flex/extensions are performed on each joint and this is done 2 to 4 times daily.

There are many other therapeutic exercises that can be tailored to your pet’s needs.

Hydrotherapy
Swimming and underwater treadmill walking is an excellent form of exercise for arthritic dogs. It doesn’t work as well for cats! The increased buoyancy of water helps to take stress off of the joints and allow more comfortable walking. The resistance of water allows strengthening of the muscles and gets the heart working harder which helps with weight loss. Warm water is best for arthritis as it helps to heat the muscles, which leads to more mobility and pain reduction. Hydrotherapy will often allow overweight, painful dogs to exercise where they could not on land alone. Once they get more mobile and lose weight they can do more at home.

K Laser Therapy
Laser therapy has been used in humans for many years. The K Laser is a class 4 laser which s the most powerful therapy laser available. Previous classes of lasers were effective for superficial problems but class 4 lasers can penetrate deep in to tissue to allow treatment of large joints like hips, backs and shoulders. Laser therapy works by applying light energy at the cellular level to stimulate the cells and promote healing, increased blood flow and reduced pain. It is non painful and is applied 6 times over a 3 weeks period. Many patients show almost immediate results. Monthly maintenance treatments can often reduce the need for medication. This is especially useful in arthritic cats that do not want to swim or do exercises and are sensitive to many medications.

For more information: www.spot-check.com

Pulsed Signal Therapy
Pulsed Signal Therapy (PST) is the name of a proprietary medical technology developed in the United States to treat patients with arthritis and other musculoskeletal disorders. PST Pulsed Signal Therapy¹s mode of action is described as emulating the body¹s electrical energy signals (streaming potentials) that stimulate cartilage regeneration, repair and maintenance. Clinical studies have now been conducted over a ten year period to determine its effectiveness. The treatment is administered on nine consecutive days, for one complete half hour treatment per day without interruptions. Interruptions on weekends may be a maximum of 2-3 days, provided that at least 2 to 3 treatment sessions have already taken place. PST is a non-surgical, painless therapy without any known side effects. Best results are seen 4-6 weeks after treatment and last from months to years.

For more information: www.pstvet.com

Drugs
There are many drugs that can be very helpful in arthritis, but they can also cause stomach, kidney and liver problems.

NSAIDs(Non Steroidal Anti Inflammatory Drugs)
This class of drug includes aspirin and ibuprofen but they can be very dangerous for pets and should never be given. It also includes safer drugs that have been developed to be used long term in pets. Metacam and Deramaxx are 2 of the drugs that have been developed for pets. Even these drugs should be used very carefully and stopped if there is any sign of stomach upset. (lack of eating, vomiting, diarrhea, black stool) NSAIDs can be very effective and used long term in pets as long as they are used with caution and you always try to achieve the minimum once daily or even every other day dose. If your dog is more active on the week ends you may be able to get away with less medication during the week.

Summary
Arthritis can be a crippling disease but it does not have to be. We have many tools available based on your pet’s health, level of activity and your time commitment and budget.

Stage 1

1. Arthritis diet or else high quality reduced calorie senior diet and glucosamine/MSM supplement like Recovery SA.

2. Cartrophen injections once weekly for 4 weeks then every 6-8 weeks thereafter.

3. Weight loss if necessary

4. Regular controlled exercise

Stage 2 (Stage 1 plus add)

5. More intensive rehabilitation exercises

6. Hydrotherapy 2-3 times per week

7. K laser +/- PST

8. Anti-inflammatories if necessary.

Arthritis Treatment for Cats
Due to their unpredictable nature many of the exercises listed above will be difficult to perform with cats. But there are some things that you can do!

1. Weight control

2. Exercise: walks or some controlled play with toys

3. Nutritional supplements (if the cat will eat them)

4. Cartrophen Injections

5. K laser (one of my favourites as the cat does not have to sit still very long)

6. Anti-inflammatories if necessary

reprinted with kind permission from Jeff Bowra DVM, CCRP
www.thespaw.ca

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ARTHRITIS IN DOGS... HOW TO RECOGNIZE AND MANAGE ARTHRITIS

by T. J. Dunn, Jr. DVM
http://www.ThePetCenter.com
This article was published in Dog World Magazine in April, 2003,

Canine Arthritis Is a Problem for Older Dogs

So many people treasure their dogs and carefully look after them. Dogs are like little babies in that they cannot tell the guardian if they feel pain. Canine arthritis affects dogs with great pain. These dogs cannot tell the owners about the pain, but those that care for the dogs see the pain through the movements of their dogs. They see that the dogs move much more slowly. The dogs have a difficult time going up the stairs and getting into the car. The dogs with canine arthritis suffer in silence. Many older dogs react to a touch if they suffer from canine arthritis.

Canine arthritis can be alleviated in some cases for the dog that suffers. The problem is similar to the same condition in human in some ways. Canine arthritis is an inflammation of the joints of the dog. There are two main types of arthritis found in dogs. These are degenerative and inflammatory. The degenerative arthritis is also called osteoarthritis. This canine arthritis comes when the cartilage that protects the joints breaks down. This condition happens because of the stress on the bones through the years. Dogs do not live as long as people, and the canine arthritis appears earlier in dogs than in human beings.

Dogs that Suffer from Canine Arthritis Can Get some Relief
Inflammatory joint disease in dogs is a type of canine arthritis that can be caused by some type of infection. Some type of relief is available to dogs that suffer from arthritis. There are some drugs that can be given to a dog that will relieve some of the pain. The dog will sometimes yelp when touched if it is in pain. These drugs will be helpful for the poor dog. Some of these drugs are only available from veterinarians, but others are available from other sources such as a pet store.

Some veterinarians recommend special diets for dogs that suffer from arthritis. This diet includes foods that will control the weight of the dog. Sometimes the dogs gain weight as they age, and this weight puts a strain on the bones of the dog. Exercise may help the dog recover from the pain of arthritis. Surgery may also provide relief for the dog suffering from arthritis. This treatment can be very expensive for the owner. Dog owners should look for signs of arthritis in their pets and should investigate the remedies for the suffering pet.

Surprisingly enough to many people, it is not only we humans that can get arthritis, but rather our beloved furry friends can get it too. There is truly no cure for arthritis after it sets in, but there are certain things that we can do in order to attempt to prevent it as best we can, and this applies to our pet friends as well.

Basically for the most part all animals can get arthritis in one form or another however one of the most common is that of canine arthritis; canine arthritis is quite simply arthritis that occurs in dogs, and it can be an incredibly sorrowful experience, as sometimes the canine arthritis can get really bad and then you have to watch your beloved pet going through pain. However if you take the proper steps, then they should be able to live an incredibly long and healthy life, free of arthritis.

For example, if you change your dog's diet then this should help, for example you should be sure that you are providing a high-quality dog food to your dog and this means that the food should have no preservatives, food colorings, wheat, corn, or soy products, for instance, and as well, you want to find a dog food that is low fat and one which has low carbohydrates as well, if possible.

Another good idea to prevent your dog from getting canine arthritis is to provide supplements to your dog that reduces arthritic swelling and pain; for instance you can give your dog a glucosamine tablet, and this can be regularly if need be. Glucosamine is a supplement which helps the body to be able to manufacture glycosaminoglycans, which are designed to maintain proper cartilage structure.

As well, you will also want to reduce any unwanted weight in your dog if it is necessary, as extra weight on a dog will automatically put extra pressure on the dog's joints and thus will cause more pain and swelling eventually; in order to do this, you want to start off by reducing the amount of treats that the dog receives for instance, because this will automatically decrease the fat that is in their diet overall.

As well, you want to make sure that the dog is getting an appropriate amount of exercise on a daily basis, as this – same with humans – will be a main cause to your dog being overweight.

A Few Helpful Tips To Alleviate Arthritis In Dogs
A common and difficult disorder to manage is arthritis in dogs and one in every five dogs over the age of seven may have it. Arthritis in dogs are a painful condition that can affect not only the dog's joints but may also occur in its neck, shoulders, hips and back as well as elbows. But, one need not worry too much as there are solutions that one may use at home to relieve the aches as well as pains in the dog's joints. One may begin by changing the dog's diet and one should make sure that the dog gets high quality dog food that does not contain extra preservatives, food coloring, and corn, wheat or soy products. The dog may be given low fat and low carbohydrate diet and avoid giving it grains which may cause aggravation to the inflammation as well as arthritis condition. Preparing home cooked meals with raw meat or vegetables would certainly help.

Give Supplements And Keep The Weight Down
To help alleviate arthritis in dogs, one should also give the dog supplements that reduce arthritic swelling and pain and that might involve giving the dog glucosamine tablets that help the dog to manufacture glycosminoglycans that are designed to maintain its cartilage structure. Also, such supplements help to attract water into the cartilage that provides extra nutrition as well as lubricates the cartilage and also inhibits enzymes that may destroy the cartilage.

The dog should also not have excess weight since that would put added pressure on the joints and result in extra pain as well as swelling. One way of curing arthritis in dogs would be to drastically reduce the treats it is given as also by cutting back on the amount of food it is given and also changing the diet to low fat. In addition, the dog should be made to exercise and whenever possible give it ten to fifteen minute walks every day and also take it for swims which would help it exercise without stressing the joints. Also, to alleviate arthritis in dogs, one should keep it warm and cozy on cold and damp days and set up a soft bed or some layers of fleece in areas where the dog normally sleeps. An insulated dog house would also help as would soft bedding on the floors. And, one may also apply a hot water bottle with warm water on the dog's aching joints in an effort to alleviate the pain of arthritis in dogs.

Arthritis in Dogs Happens to Older Pets
Poor old dogs are like brand new babies. If these lovely creatures are feeling pain, they cannot tell anyone. The poor old dog gets slower and less active on a daily basis. They do not tell anyone, but sometimes you can just see that they are in pain. Often this pain is the result of arthritis. Arthritis in dogs is quite common in older dogs, and it appears more often in the larger dogs than in the smaller ones. The larger dogs have a more difficult time moving around when affected by arthritis in dogs than the smaller ones.

Like arthritis in people, arthritis in dogs can appear in different forms with differing amounts of pain and trouble. Arthritis in dogs like the disease in people is often the inflammation of the joints. Poor dogs get the disease, and then it gets worse in the course of time. The joints that were once cushioned have lost this comfort, and the dog starts to have trouble getting around. The nerve endings are affected, and this adds to the pain of the poor dog. The dog will just not be the same frisky dog that it used to be.

Arthritis in Dogs Can Cause a Sad Time for Owners
Arthritis in dogs causes the pain in the joints because of the deterioration, and this impedes the dogs from getting around. The owner will notice that the dog sleeps more than ever before and does not want to move around much. The dog that went up the stairs before will not want to do this. The poor old dog with arthritis will have trouble getting into the car. The owner will probably find he or she does a lot more for the dog than ever before. A good vet will be able to determine the problem, and then make suggestions for the care of the dog.

There is help for arthritis in dogs from a vet and the pharmacy. There are medications including some that will start to make the dog feel better right away. These will help the way the dog feels, but they will not necessarily eliminate the disease. Some of the drugs for a dog with arthritis are expensive, and some may cause unwanted side effects. Each dog lover should work carefully with the vet to make their dog as comfortable as possible. The vet will be able to give plenty of advice to help the dog. Each owner should remember that dogs do not live as long as people so dogs are much older than their years.

M. A. Fulmar, copywriter for various websites including the Health articles on www.naturalcrystaldeodorant.com
Article Source: Simply Top Articles

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I am heartbroken at my dog’s suffering. How can I stop his pain?

www.pethealthymeds.com

The hardest part of watching my dog suffer, is the onset of canine osteoarthritis, degenerative joint disease, or more commonly dog arthritis.

Signs and symptoms of Canine Arthritis
Most owners are alerted to problems when their dog becomes reluctant to walk, climb up stairs, jump around, or play. Other signs include difficulty getting up from a resting position, limping, lagging behind, swelling at the joints, personality changes, and painful reactions to touch. These symptoms are caused by the wearing away of cartilage around the joints over time from normal activity or from and injury.

While aging is the main cause of canine arthritis, it may also be caused by weight and is more prominent in larger and mixed breeds. A veterinarian can diagnosis arthritis during a physical exam and on x-rays.

Prescription Drug Side Effects are horrible!
The traditional treatment for dogs (and humans) suffering from arthritis is the prescription of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) to treat pain, such as Asprin, Carphrofen, and Etodalac. Unfortunately, as with any medication, these also offer the risk of side effects such: gastrointestinal problems, liver toxicity, and the potential for development of stomach ulcers.

Many people are now searching for safer, all-natural prevention and treatment for their pets that not only treats pain, but can prevent wear and even help to repair damage already done. The remedies strengthen the immune system, encourage the elimination of toxins, strengthen and protect the skeletal system, and generally improve the overall health of your animal.

Owners are now seeking out holistic medicines such at Pet Alive Muscle and Joint Support to obtain the healing components of ingredients such as Devil’s Claw (Harpagophytum procumbens), Spirulina (Arthrospira platenis), and Calcium Flouride.

Devil’s Claw, for example, is being used world-wide for its anti-inflammatory properties which researches have found to improve osteoarthritis, fibrositis, rheumatism, small joint disease, and lower back pain. In contrast to NSAIDs(prescription drugs) , Devil’s Claw is beneficial to the digestion, as it has been shown to treat liver and gall bladder disorders.

More ways to help your pet
In addition to supplements, it is important for dogs to maintain a healthy lifestyle that includes exercise, good nutrition, and weight management. For dogs already suffering from arthritis, swimming, walking, and other nonstrenuous activities are best, avoiding high-impact activities, and maintaining and regular and frequent exercise regimen.

Muscle & Joint Support
Treat the symptoms of existing arthritis, rheumatism and degenerative joint disease
Improve ease of movement
Reduce stiffness and pain associated with swollen joints
Relieve pain and inflammation
Reduce toxin and acid buildup associated with arthritis, rheumatism and joint diseases
Prevent and treat the symptoms of hip dysplasia
Ensure healthy, strong muscles, tendons, cartilage and bone
Cleanse and purify the system and improve liver functioning

There are a number of reasons why your pet could develop joint or muscle problems. Sprains and strains are fairly common in many active animals and certain animals may be more prone to this than others.

Cats especially may have nine lives but their constant leaping from roofs and trees can put stress and strain on their joints, especially if they are overweight.

There are also a certain number of medical conditions such as arthritis (an inflammation of the joints which is most common in older pets, especially dogs); spinal diseases such as spondylosis and spondylitis (also more common in older pets and particular in dogs) and hip dysplasia (a malformation of the hip's ball and socket which is more common in dogs but may affect certain breeds of cats).

Certain breeds of dogs and cats may be genetically more prone to developing conditions such as hip dysplasia and spinal problems.

How are muscle and joint problems usually treated?
For many conditions, conventional treatment is largely symptomatic, aimed primarily at reducing pain and inflammation and keeping the animal as comfortable as possible.

Splinting, casting or surgery may be also be necessary. While prescription anti-inflammatory medication may help to ease the pain, it can also play havoc with your pet's stomach lining, sometimes leading to ulcers and digestive problems with chronic use.

Prescription medication may ease the pain and inflammation, but would have little healing effect.

How can natural remedies help?
Nutrition is a key element in the treatment and prevention of many muscle and joint problems.

As part of a holistic approach to treating your pet, natural remedies can help to build and strengthen your pet's immune system, encourage the elimination of toxins, strengthen and protect his skeletal system and generally improve the overall health of your animal - in addition to alleviating and treating the specific problems associated with muscle and joint problems.

Other components of a holistic approach to therapy, especially in relation to alleviating and treating the symptoms associated with muscle and joint problems, include aromatherapy, acupuncture and chiropractic.

What is Muscle and Joint Support?
Muscle and Joint Support capsules are specially formulated for pets and contain a unique formula combining herbal medicines, biochemic tissue salts and nutritional substances all well known for their therapeutic and protective effect on the skeletal system, including muscles, joints, cartilage and tendons.

Muscle and Joint Support is an excellent choice for pets suffering from arthritis, rheumatism and degenerative joint disease and can also be used as a tonic and preventative in animals known to be susceptible to joint and bone ailments.

What are the ingredients of PetAlive Muscle and Joint Support?
PetAlive Muscle and Joint Support contains the following herbal, homeopathic and nutritional ingredients.

Harpagophytum procumbens (Devil's Claw): is found in the Kalahari Desert and is exclusive to Africa. Because of its powerful anti-inflammatory properties, Devil's Claw is used world-wide for osteo-arthritis, fibrositis, rheumatism, small joint disease and lower backache. Scientific research in the West has confirmed the anti-inflammatory and antirheumatic properties of this medicinal herb. Research has demonstrated that consistent use of Devil's Claw for at least 6 weeks can significantly improve the movement of arthritic joints and reduce swelling. It is also well known as a digestive tonic and is beneficial in the treatment of liver and gall bladder disorders.

Arthrospira platenis (Spirulina): is a single celled micro-organism found in the sea and is widely used as a source of chlorophyll. Widely used for its nutritive properties, Spirulina contains high concentrations of protein, vitamins (including B12 and folic acid) and carotenoids. This sea algae has been medicinally used in Chinese medicine for thousands of years as a tonic to boost energy, relieve arthritis, enhance liver functioning, improve resistance to disease and all around systemic health.

Calcium Fluoride (6cH) (Calc. Flour.): is a biochemic tissue salt which helps to strengthen, tone and restore elasticity to all cells and body tissues. It can help to restore tone and elasticity to muscles and tendons and improve ease of movement in the body. Calc. Flour. is also useful in the treatment of bladder problems and enlarged prostate glands.

Natrium Phosphoricum (6cH) (Nat. Phos.): acts as a biochemical antacid, acid neutralizer and PH balancer. By helping to control acidity in the system, Nat. Phos. is invaluable in the treatment of all inflammatory conditions such as arthritis, rheumatism and joint stiffness. Regular use will help to improve mobility and reduce the pain.

Natrium Sulphate (6cH) (Nat. Sulph.) : is a biochemic tissue salt also known as the 'cell cleanser' and also helps to regulate and balance all body fluids. It is invaluable for a range of conditions, and helps to promote the health of the liver, pancreas, urinary tract system, respiratory system and digestive system. Nat. Sulph is also particularly useful in all bone related complaints, also helping to ease pain and stiffness associated with old injuries.

Lecithin: This is a fatty substance found in different foods including liver, eggs and wheat germ and is essential for many body functions, helping to build strong and healthy cell membranes and maintain optimum liver functioning.

Glucosamine Sulphate: is a crucial element in the building and maintenance of healthy cartilage, which provides 'cushioning' at the end of the bones and between joints. Due to promising results in a number of clinical trials, this nutritional substance has been approved for the treatment of arthritis in more than 70 countries. Regular use has been shown to ease pain and inflammation, increase mobility and assist in the repair of aging and damaged joints and the treatment of age-related degenerative joint disease. Studies have also demonstrated that this supplement is as effective in animals as it is in humans.

Lactose: (inactive ingredient)
(Contains no gluten, artificial flavors, colors or preservatives)

How do we use Muscle and Joint Support Capsules?
PetAlive Muscle and Joint Support comes in convenient capsule form. Capsules may be swallowed whole by larger dogs. However, most owners find that it is easier and more convenient to open the capsule and mix the contents with wet food or a small treat.

This prevents stress to both pet and owner! Cats, especially, hate to have medicine forced down their throats and will happily eat the dried herb when it is mixed with a little fish or meat.

Dosage:

Cats and small dogs: 1/2 capsule twice daily.
Medium dogs: One capsule twice daily.
Large dogs: One to two capsules twice daily.

Caution: Safety during pregnancy and nursing has not been established. Do not use together with prescription anti-inflammatory medication.

Tip: Avoiding toxin and acid build up is essential in the ongoing treatment and prevention of all joint and muscle conditions. Use together with DetoxPlus for maximum effect.

How long will a bottle last?
Depending on the size of your pet, one bottle of Muscle and Joint Support capsules should last from 15 - 60 days.

A 45-90 day supply of 3 bottles is offered at a discount.

How long until we see results?
Results will vary depending on factors like diet, exercise as well as the health of your pet. With consistent use, you should be seeing improvement within 6 - 8 weeks, although some animals will respond sooner.

Regular exercise and a healthy diet (see below) will further enhance your pet's health, as well as the effectiveness of PetAlive Muscle and Joint Support.

What else can help?
Our pets are exposed to a variety of toxins on a daily basis. These can weaken their immune systems and damage the body's natural ability to fight off disease. Eating a balanced, high quality diet with plenty of raw and unprocessed (preferably organic) food and avoiding exposure to common everyday toxins will help to keep your pet healthy.

Also remember:
Keeping your pet at his ideal weight will help to prevent excess strain on his joints
Your pet's diet needs to contain adequate protein for building muscles and adequate calcium for strong bones.
Regular exercise is essential for keeping joints flexible and muscles and ligaments strong. It will also help in preventing obesity.
Remove your pet's food after a while if he has not eaten it all. Periods of fasting throughout the day are very important for effective digestion and detoxification.
Ensure your pet is eating a balanced, high quality diet with plenty of raw and unprocessed food (preferably organic).
Use Immunity and Liver Support capsules to boost your pet's immune functioning and resistance against disease and infection
Filtered or bottled water is preferable to chlorinated or fluorinated water.
Avoid exposure to toxins and chemicals as much as possible including pesticides, herbicides, commercial flea collars, flea powder, insecticides and second-hand cigarette smoke.
Talk to a holistic vet before immunizing your pet. Over-vaccination may stress the immune system unnecessarily.
Food and water bowls should be made of glass, stainless steel or porcelain
Don't feed your pet chocolate as even a small amount can be toxic
Cook food in stainless-steel pans, not aluminum or copper pans.

What are the symptoms of muscle and joint conditions?
Dogs:

Overall stiffness especially after rest

Whimpering when getting up
Difficulty climbing stairs or climbing in and out of car
Reluctance to exercise
Lameness
Unusual movements (for that particular animal)
Disjointed or wobbly gait
Swelling and tenderness in limb or spine
Shying away from being stroked along their back
Thickening of the Joints of the affected limb
Favoring the use of one limb more than another
Irritability

Cats:

Overall stiffness especially after rest
Crying when getting up
Crying when being picked up
Difficulty climbing stairs
Reluctance to exercise
Lameness
Unusual movements (for that particular animal)
Disjointed or wobbly gait
Swelling and tenderness in limb or spine
Shying away from being stroked along their back
Thickening of the joints of the affected limb
Favoring the use of one limb more than another
Irritability

reprinted with kind permission of Michelle Reynolds
Natural Pet Medications for all your Pets Needs
www.pethealthymeds.com

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Canine Degenerative Joint Disease

www.azod.com

If you have an older dog as I do, chances are that as his age increases you will see a noticeable stiffness or even limp in his gait. He might take a bit longer to get up and after returning home after a hunt, a very pronounced limp is observed. While often times this limp can be attributed to a thorn or perhaps a cut or bruise in a paw, it could also signal that our venerable old bird finder is suffering from some form of arthritis.

Just like humans, canines are susceptible to various forms of arthritis. In the case of active, working gun dogs the chances are even greater that as the dogs age increases so does the probability of the onset of arthritis.

Among the most common causes are:

·        Excessive stresses brought on by repetitive activity and/or exercise

·        Immune system deficits

·        Genetic conditions/ disorders

·        Injury

·        Infection

Some of the more common types of canine arthritis are:

·        Osteoarthritis

·        Rheumatoid Arthritis

·        Infectious Arthritis

·        Hip Dysplasia

Osteoarthritis
This form of arthritis can usually be attributed to a dogs genetic make up and is considered a form of degenerative joint disease yet in some cases Osteoarthritis has been attributed to infection and injury. Osteoarthritis occurs when the bone and cartilage of a joint degrades to the point that inflammation occurs in and around the afflicted joint. The dog’s body responds to the inflammation by way of a bony remodeling around the joint structure. Symptoms of Osteoarthritis usually progress slowly and show few outward symptoms. In some cases however it has been found that Osteoarthritis can also progress rapidly and cause a great deal of pain and discomfort.

Rheumatoid Arthritis
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a type of inflammatory arthritis in which the dog’s immune system actually produces antibodies that react against the dog’s own protein. The result of this reaction is severe inflammation that ultimately damages cartilage and surrounding tissues of the affected joints. Rheumatoid Arthritis can be a real showstopper as it is extremely painful and debilitating if not promptly treated.

Infectious Arthritis
Infectious Arthritis is caused by a fungal, viral or bacterial infection in the dog’s joints and is the result of an infecting organism being transmitted to the joint by the dog’s bloodstream. Perhaps the biggest cause of Infectious Arthritis in Arizona dogs is Valley Fever. While treatments vary the only sure way to have a chance at beating Infectious Arthritis is early detection and treatment by a veterinarian.

Hip Dysplasia
Perhaps the most notorious of all osteoarthritis conditions is hip dysplasia. This disorder is to a larger extent based on genetics than any other factor and is usually more prominent in large and giant breeds. Hip dysplasia is the result of laxity in the hip joints, which in turn creates looseness in the hip joints. Over time this looseness in the joints causes degradation within the joint, which in turn causes inflammation. The affects hip dysplasia can have on a dog vary from minor discomfort to extreme pain. At present the best way to avoid problems associated with hip dysplasia are breeding only those dogs that have been certified by the Orthopedic Foundation for Animals (OFA).

Minimizing The Effects Of Canine Degenerative Joint Disease
Let’s face it our dogs work hard. Whether or not they’re a pointer, retriever or spaniel while there’s no place they’d rather be than out looking for birds, it’s fact that the possibility of arthritis exists simply because of the high levels of activity associated with working gun dogs. While many forms of canine arthritis are unpreventable, keeping your dogs in good physical condition can go along way in reducing excessive weight that an overweight dog would have to carry, which in turn adds more stress, strain and shock to the joints. Also, orthopedic dog beds are a good way for an older dog to relax after a hunt.

Reprinted with kind permission from Linda

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Arthritis Treatments For Man's Best Friend

by Jeff Foster

As an owner of a dog with arthritis, I was happy to find out there are many options for arthritis treatments for dogs. Arthritis affects one in every five adult dogs and is one of the most common sources of chronic pain that veterinarians treat.

There are several signs that your dog may display if they are suffering from arthritis. Your dog may favor a limb, sleep more, have difficulty sitting or standing and seem to have stiff or sore joints. Other signs of arthritis in your dog may be their hesitancy to jump, run or climb stairs. Decreased activities, no interest in playing and weight gain are additional signs of arthritis.

It is important to take your pet to their veterinarian for an arthritis evaluation. After a complete examination, if a diagnosis of arthritis is made, then your vet will advise you of the available arthritis treatments for dogs. Interestingly enough, these arthritis treatments for dogs are similar to that of humans.

It is important for your dog to have a healthy diet and get exercise to help maintain proper weight. Non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs are the most common form of pharmaceutical arthritis treatment for a dog. There also are over-the counter pet treatments such as pills or food that can aide in treating your dog's arthritis. Some of the over the counter treatment options are glucosamine, chondroitin sulfate, omega fatty acids and Boswellin.

Glucosamine is a charged sugar molecule that is a key component of the extra cellular matrix of cartilage. It absorbs and releases water with each step thereby acting as a shock absorber for the joints. Glucosamine also stimulates the production of glycosaminoglycans which are important proteins found in cartilage. This helps to slow the deterioration of joints and ease the pain.

Chondroitin sulfate serves to attract fluids into proteoglycan molecules which assist in two ways. First it draws nutrients into the cartilage and second it increases the flow of fluid into your cartilage to add resiliency. Chondroitin also helps protect existing cartilage from premature degeneration and provides structure and flexibility to your joints.

Omega 3 and 6 fatty acids are constituents of fish oils that act as anti-inflammatory agents. This helps to reduce pain where inflammation is present.

Boswellin is another form of an over the counter medication that can aid in the arthritis treatment for dogs. Boswellic acids improve blood supply to the joints and maintain the integrity of blood vessels. Boswellin also helps reduce swelling and improve mobility in stiffened joints.

There are several different arthritis treatments for dogs. Your dog may see improvement within a few weeks. It is important to see your veterinarian to first determine if your dog has arthritis and then which is the best treatment option for them. Your best friend deserves the best treatment and just like us, there is simply no need for your dog to suffer with the pain of arthritis.especially when there are arthritis treatment options available for your dog.

Make the call today and talk with your vet about your dog's symptoms. If your dog is diagnosed with arthritis, then do the research, talk with your vet and make a decision to seek appropriate treatment.

Arthritis treatment for dogs is readily available! Call your vet today.

About The Author: For more important information on arthritis be sure to visit http://arthritis-life.com where you will find information and resources on arthritis such as arthritis relief, arthrits treatments, and other articles that you can view at www.arthritis-life.com

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	X-RAY IMAGES OF ARTHRITIS Click on an image to see a larger view

The hip on the right is partially dislocated and early arthritis has begun to develop. Click here to see a large view of a different patient with advanced hip arthritis.	A side view of a dog spinal column with spondylosis... fusion of vertebrae and overgrowth of abnormal bony tissue.	A loose flap of cartilage in the shoulder will lead eventually to arthritis of this joint. See article about this condition, called OCD.	Arthritis of any joint can have diverse causes. Just above this inflamed ankle (hock) joint is seen evidence of bone cancer. Look at an article about cancer here.	Arthritis of a hip joint due to a flattened femoral head, short femoral neck and shallow hip socket. See more information about Hip Dysplasia in this article.

All have side effects	COMMON PRESCRIPTION NSAIDs USED IN DOGS (and in special situations with caution in cats )						All have side effects

DERAMAXX	METACAM	ETODOLAC	ETOGESIC	PIROXICAM	RIMADYL	ZUBRIN	BUTAZOLIDIN

Vet-Stem Regenerative Cell (VSRC) Therapy	Rimadyl Advice	Memory Foam Pet Beds	Joint Product Comparison Chart
Arthrodesis Joint Fusion	Crepitus	Arthritis and Joint problems	Arthritis supplements
Joint Problems and Arthritis	Adequan	Arthroscopy	Degenerative Joint Disease
Elevated Feeders	Ramps	Arthritis Remedies	Diet and Supplements for Dogs with Arthritis and Joint Problems
Treating Arthritis	Physical and alternative therapies in the management of Arthritic Patients	The Pet Arthritis Center	Pain Management
Arthritis: The Appropriate Use of NSAIDS and Complementary Therapy	Integrative Treatment	Pet Arthritis Resource Center	Treatment for Arthritic Pain in Dogs